Physical activity of adolescents and the urban environment of Brazilian capitals: National School Health Survey, 2015.

This study aimed to evaluate the practice of physical activity (PA) among adolescents and its association with characteristics of the urban environment of Brazilian capitals. Study with adolescents from the 26 Brazilian capitals and the Federal District participating in the National School Health Survey, 2015 edition. The association between regular practice of PA (≥300 minutes/week) and the dimensions of urban well-being (urban mobility, urban environmental conditions, urban housing conditions, urban collective services, and urban infrastructure) was examined using multilevel logistic regression. A total of 50,904 adolescents were evaluated, among which 20.7% were active. It was observed in the multiple model that adolescents who live in capitals with better urban environmental conditions, such as the presence of tree coverage, less open sewage, and less accumulated garbage around the houses, are more likely to be active (OR = 1.06; 95% CI:1.01;1.12). Adolescents who live in cities with less urban disorder are more likely to be active.

Post-COVID-19 syndrome among hospitalized COVID-19 patients: a cohort study assessing patients 6 and 12 months after hospital discharge. / Síndrome pós-COVID-19 entre hospitalizados por COVID-19: estudo de coorte após 6 e 12 meses da alta hospitalar.

Post-COVID-19 syndrome involves a variety of symptoms that last more than 12 weeks after COVID diagnosis. This study aimed to analyze post-COVID-19 syndrome among hospitalized COVID-19 patients 6 and 12 months after hospital discharge. This is an ambidirectional cohort study conducted with individuals who were discharged from three main hospitals in the capital of Mato Grosso State, Brazil, between October and December 2021 and January and March 2022. After data collection from medical records, the individuals were interviewed by telephone 6 and 12 months after hospital discharge, when they were asked about the presence of ongoing or new symptoms and when symptom frequency was evaluated according to sociodemographic and economic characteristics hospitalization, and health conditions. Of all 277 medical records evaluated, 259 patients were eligible to participate in the study, 190 patients six months after discharge and 160 patients 12 months after hospital discharge. At six months, 59% were female patients, 40% were aged 60 years or older, and 87.4% reported at least one symptom. At 12 months, 58.7% were female patients, 37.5% were aged 30 to 49 years, and 67.5% reported at least one symptom. Fatigue was the most common symptom 6 and 12 months after hospital discharge (55.3% and 40.6%, respectively), followed by memory problems (36.8%; 20%), and hair loss (26.8%; 11.2%). The prevalence of post-COVID-19 syndrome was higher among patients of older age, lower income, with hypertension, diabetes, and more severe infection during hospitalization. The risk factors for post-COVID-19 syndrome help understand the long-term effects and the importance of monitoring after the acute phase of the disease.

A síndrome pós-COVID-19 é um termo usado para descrever um conjunto diversificado de sintomas que persistem por mais de 12 semanas da infecção diagnosticada. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a síndrome pós-COVID-19 entre hospitalizados por COVID-19 após 6 e 12 meses da alta hospitalar. Trata-se de estudo de coorte ambidirecional, realizado com indivíduos que receberam alta em três dos principais hospitais da capital de Mato Grosso, Brasil, entre outubro e dezembro de 2021 e janeiro e março de 2022. Após coleta de dados em prontuários, os indivíduos foram entrevistados por telefone após 6 e 12 meses da alta hospitalar, sendo questionados sobre a presença de sintomas persistentes ou novos, para a avaliação de sua frequência segundo características sociodemográficas, econômicas, relativas à internação e condições de saúde. Dos 277 prontuários avaliados, 259 pacientes foram elegíveis para o estudo, 190 aos seis meses e 160 após 12 meses da alta hospitalar. Aos seis meses, 59% eram mulheres, 40% com 60 anos ou mais de idade e 87,4% referiram a presença de pelo menos um sintoma. Aos 12 meses, 58,7% eram mulheres, 37,5% com 30 a 49 anos e 67,5% referiram a presença de pelo menos um sintoma. A fadiga foi o sintoma mais comum após 6 e 12 meses de alta hospitalar (55,3% e 40,6%, respectivamente), seguido de problemas de memória (36,8%; 20%) e perda de cabelo (26,8%; 11,2%). Foi maior a prevalência de síndrome pós-COVID-19 entre indivíduos de maior faixa etária, menor renda, hipertensos, diabéticos e com maior gravidade durante a internação. Os fatores de risco da síndrome pós-COVID-19 contribuem para a compreensão dos efeitos a longo prazo e da importância do acompanhamento após a fase aguda da doença.

El síndrome post-COVID-19 es un término utilizado para describir un conjunto diversificado de síntomas que persisten durante más de 12 semanas de la infección diagnosticada. El objetivo fue analizar el síndrome post-COVID-19 entre hospitalizados por COVID-19 tras 6 y 12 meses del alta hospitalaria. Se trata de un estudio de cohorte ambidireccional, realizado con individuos que fueron dados de alta en tres de los principales hospitales de la capital de Mato Grosso, Brasil, entre octubre y diciembre de 2021 y enero y marzo de 2022. Tras recolectar los datos en registros médicos, se entrevistaron los individuos por teléfono tras 6 y 12 meses del alta hospitalaria, cuestionándoles sobre la presencia de síntomas persistentes o nuevos y evaluando su frecuencia conforme las características sociodemográficas, económicas, relacionadas con la hospitalización y condiciones de salud. De los 277 registros médicos evaluados, se eligieron 259 pacientes para el estudio, 190 a los 6 meses y 160 tras 12 meses del alta hospitalaria. A los 6 meses, el 59% eran mujeres, el 40% tenían 60 años o más y el 87,4% refirieron la presencia de al menos un síntoma. A los 12 meses, el 58,7% eran mujeres, el 37,5% tenían entre 30 y 49 años y el 67,5% refirieron la presencia de al menos un síntoma. La fatiga fue el síntoma más común tras 6 y 12 meses del alta hospitalaria (el 55,3% y el 40,6%, respectivamente), seguido de los problemas de memoria (el 36,8% y el 20%) y caída del pelo (el 26,8% y el 11,2%). La prevalencia de síndrome post-COVID-19 fue más alta entre los individuos de mayor edad, menor renta, hipertensos, diabéticos y con mayor gravedad durante la hospitalización. Los factores de riesgo del síndrome post-COVID-19 contribuyen para la comprensión de los efectos a largo plazo y de la importancia del seguimiento tras la fase aguda de la enfermedad.

Síndrome pós-COVID-19 entre hospitalizados por COVID-19: estudo de coorte após 6 e 12 meses da alta hospitalar / Síndrome post-COVID-19 entre hospitalizados por COVID-19: estudio de cohorte tras 6 y 12 meses del alta hospitalaria / Post-COVID-19 syndrome among hospitalized COVID-19 patients: a cohort study assessing patients 6 and 12 months after hospital discharge

A síndrome pós-COVID-19 é um termo usado para descrever um conjunto diversificado de sintomas que persistem por mais de 12 semanas da infecção diagnosticada. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a síndrome pós-COVID-19 entre hospitalizados por COVID-19 após 6 e 12 meses da alta hospitalar. Trata-se de estudo de coorte ambidirecional, realizado com indivíduos que receberam alta em três dos principais hospitais da capital de Mato Grosso, Brasil, entre outubro e dezembro de 2021 e janeiro e março de 2022. Após coleta de dados em prontuários, os indivíduos foram entrevistados por telefone após 6 e 12 meses da alta hospitalar, sendo questionados sobre a presença de sintomas persistentes ou novos, para a avaliação de sua frequência segundo características sociodemográficas, econômicas, relativas à internação e condições de saúde. Dos 277 prontuários avaliados, 259 pacientes foram elegíveis para o estudo, 190 aos seis meses e 160 após 12 meses da alta hospitalar. Aos seis meses, 59% eram mulheres, 40% com 60 anos ou mais de idade e 87,4% referiram a presença de pelo menos um sintoma. Aos 12 meses, 58,7% eram mulheres, 37,5% com 30 a 49 anos e 67,5% referiram a presença de pelo menos um sintoma. A fadiga foi o sintoma mais comum após 6 e 12 meses de alta hospitalar (55,3% e 40,6%, respectivamente), seguido de problemas de memória (36,8%; 20%) e perda de cabelo (26,8%; 11,2%). Foi maior a prevalência de síndrome pós-COVID-19 entre indivíduos de maior faixa etária, menor renda, hipertensos, diabéticos e com maior gravidade durante a internação. Os fatores de risco da síndrome pós-COVID-19 contribuem para a compreensão dos efeitos a longo prazo e da importância do acompanhamento após a fase aguda da doença.

El síndrome post-COVID-19 es un término utilizado para describir un conjunto diversificado de síntomas que persisten durante más de 12 semanas de la infección diagnosticada. El objetivo fue analizar el síndrome post-COVID-19 entre hospitalizados por COVID-19 tras 6 y 12 meses del alta hospitalaria. Se trata de un estudio de cohorte ambidireccional, realizado con individuos que fueron dados de alta en tres de los principales hospitales de la capital de Mato Grosso, Brasil, entre octubre y diciembre de 2021 y enero y marzo de 2022. Tras recolectar los datos en registros médicos, se entrevistaron los individuos por teléfono tras 6 y 12 meses del alta hospitalaria, cuestionándoles sobre la presencia de síntomas persistentes o nuevos y evaluando su frecuencia conforme las características sociodemográficas, económicas, relacionadas con la hospitalización y condiciones de salud. De los 277 registros médicos evaluados, se eligieron 259 pacientes para el estudio, 190 a los 6 meses y 160 tras 12 meses del alta hospitalaria. A los 6 meses, el 59% eran mujeres, el 40% tenían 60 años o más y el 87,4% refirieron la presencia de al menos un síntoma. A los 12 meses, el 58,7% eran mujeres, el 37,5% tenían entre 30 y 49 años y el 67,5% refirieron la presencia de al menos un síntoma. La fatiga fue el síntoma más común tras 6 y 12 meses del alta hospitalaria (el 55,3% y el 40,6%, respectivamente), seguido de los problemas de memoria (el 36,8% y el 20%) y caída del pelo (el 26,8% y el 11,2%). La prevalencia de síndrome post-COVID-19 fue más alta entre los individuos de mayor edad, menor renta, hipertensos, diabéticos y con mayor gravedad durante la hospitalización. Los factores de riesgo del síndrome post-COVID-19 contribuyen para la comprensión de los efectos a largo plazo y de la importancia del seguimiento tras la fase aguda de la enfermedad.

Post-COVID-19 syndrome involves a variety of symptoms that last more than 12 weeks after COVID diagnosis. This study aimed to analyze post-COVID-19 syndrome among hospitalized COVID-19 patients 6 and 12 months after hospital discharge. This is an ambidirectional cohort study conducted with individuals who were discharged from three main hospitals in the capital of Mato Grosso State, Brazil, between October and December 2021 and January and March 2022. After data collection from medical records, the individuals were interviewed by telephone 6 and 12 months after hospital discharge, when they were asked about the presence of ongoing or new symptoms and when symptom frequency was evaluated according to sociodemographic and economic characteristics hospitalization, and health conditions. Of all 277 medical records evaluated, 259 patients were eligible to participate in the study, 190 patients six months after discharge and 160 patients 12 months after hospital discharge. At six months, 59% were female patients, 40% were aged 60 years or older, and 87.4% reported at least one symptom. At 12 months, 58.7% were female patients, 37.5% were aged 30 to 49 years, and 67.5% reported at least one symptom. Fatigue was the most common symptom 6 and 12 months after hospital discharge (55.3% and 40.6%, respectively), followed by memory problems (36.8%; 20%), and hair loss (26.8%; 11.2%). The prevalence of post-COVID-19 syndrome was higher among patients of older age, lower income, with hypertension, diabetes, and more severe infection during hospitalization. The risk factors for post-COVID-19 syndrome help understand the long-term effects and the importance of monitoring after the acute phase of the disease.

Adherence to school meals and co-occurrence of the healthy and unhealthy food markers among Brazilian adolescents.

The aim of this study was to analyze the association between adherence to school meals and the co-occurrence of the regular consumption of healthy and unhealthy eating markers among Brazilian adolescents. Data from 67,881 adolescents in Brazilian public schools who participated in the 2015 National School Health Survey, were used. From the 7-day FFQ, the dependent variable was constructed, co-occurrence of regular consumption (≥ 5x/week) of healthy and unhealthy food markers, which was categorized as regular consumption of none, one or two, or three eating markers. We performed an ordinal logistic regression with adjustment for sociodemographic, eating habits outside of school, and school characteristics variables. The prevalence of the co-occurrence of the regular consumption of three healthy eating markers was 14.5%, and that of three unhealthy markers was 4.9%. High adherence to school meals (every day) was positively associated with regular consumption of healthy eating markers and inversely associated with regular consumption of unhealthy eating markers. The school meals provided by PNAE contribute to the promotion of healthy eating habits among Brazilian adolescents.

Adherence to school meals and co-occurrence of the healthy and unhealthy food markers among Brazilian adolescents / Adesão à alimentação escolar e coocorrência dos marcadores de alimentação saudável e não saudável entre adolescentes brasileiros

Abstract The aim of this study was to analyze the association between adherence to school meals and the co-occurrence of the regular consumption of healthy and unhealthy eating markers among Brazilian adolescents. Data from 67,881 adolescents in Brazilian public schools who participated in the 2015 National School Health Survey, were used. From the 7-day FFQ, the dependent variable was constructed, co-occurrence of regular consumption (≥ 5x/week) of healthy and unhealthy food markers, which was categorized as regular consumption of none, one or two, or three eating markers. We performed an ordinal logistic regression with adjustment for sociodemographic, eating habits outside of school, and school characteristics variables. The prevalence of the co-occurrence of the regular consumption of three healthy eating markers was 14.5%, and that of three unhealthy markers was 4.9%. High adherence to school meals (every day) was positively associated with regular consumption of healthy eating markers and inversely associated with regular consumption of unhealthy eating markers. The school meals provided by PNAE contribute to the promotion of healthy eating habits among Brazilian adolescents.

Resumo Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar a associação entre a adesão à alimentação escolar e a coocorrência do consumo regular de marcadores de alimentação saudável e não saudável entre adolescentes brasileiros. Foram avaliados 67.881 adolescentes de escolas públicas brasileiras participantes da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (PeNSE) de 2015. A partir do QFA de sete dias, construiu-se a variável dependente, coocorrência do consumo regular (≥ 5x/semana) de marcadores de alimentação saudável e não saudável, que foi categorizada em consumo regular de nenhum; um ou dois; ou três marcadores de alimentação. Realizou-se regressão logística ordinal com ajuste para variáveis sociodemográficas, hábitos alimentares fora da escola e características da escola. A prevalência da coocorrência do consumo regular de três marcadores de alimentação saudável foi de 14,5%, e de três marcadores de alimentação não saudável foi de 4,9%. A alta adesão à alimentação escolar (todos os dias) foi positivamente associada ao consumo regular de marcadores de alimentação saudável e inversamente associada ao consumo regular de marcadores de alimentação não saudável. A alimentação escolar fornecida pelo PNAE contribui para a promoção de hábitos alimentares saudáveis entre os adolescentes brasileiros.

Food Insecurity Among Haitian Migrants Living In Brazil.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the situation of food insecurity among Haitians living in Midwest of Brazil, based on questions of the Brazilian Scale of Food Insecurity (BSFI). METHODS: A survey was carried out with a probabilistic sampling proportional to sex of Haitians aged over 18 years who lived in Cuiabá and Várzea Grande, Mato Grosso. Haitian migrants were interviewed by bilingual (Haitian Creole/Portuguese) individuals, and for the analysis of the BSFI questions. Because the BSFI is not validated for Haitians, the first eight questions of the scale were assessed separately, according to sex, debts incurred for the migration project and time of residence in Brazil. Chi-square was calculated to test the differences between groups. RESULTS: A total of 404 Haitians were evaluated, 81.9% male individuals, 60.9% aged between 18 and 36 years. Among the respondents, 64.4% were worried about running out of food before having money to buy more food, and 62.6% answered that they ran out of food before having money to buy it. Higher proportions of positive answers were observed for women and those who reported having debts to finance the migration costs to Brazil. CONCLUSION: The high proportion of positive answers to the BSFS questions by Haitians seems to indicate a situation of social vulnerability and food insecurity, especially among Haitian women, as well as among those who had debts to migrate to Brazil and those who have lived in the country for more than a year.

Prevalence of Ivermectin use to prevent COVID-19 during the pandemic in Mato Grosso: cross-sectional home-based study.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the use of ivermectin as COVID-19 prevention method by the population of Mato Grosso in 2020. METHODS: This is a home-based survey, carried out between September and October 2020, in 10 pole cities of the socioeconomic regions of State. The use of ivermectin was evaluated through the question: "Did you take ivermectin to prevent COVID-19?". Sociodemographic variables (sex, age group, education, family income), current work situation, being benefitted by government financial programs, as well as symptoms, seroprevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, and previous diagnosis of COVID-19 were evaluated. Prevalence and their associations were estimated using the chi-square test. RESULTS: 4.206 individuals were evaluated for prevalence of ivermectin use; 58.3% of the individuals responded positively, this rate being higher in the municipalities of the western region of the state (66.6%). There was no significant difference between sexes, but the prevalence was higher among people aged 50-59 years (69.7%), who were white (66.5%), with complete higher education or more (68.8%) and higher family income (≥3 minimum wages-64.2%). The use of this drug was even higher among participants who considered their knowledge of the disease good or very good (65.0%), who reported having symptoms of COVID-19 (75.3%), and who had been previously diagnosed with the disease (91.2%). CONCLUSION: There was a high prevalence of use of ivermectin as a method to prevent covid-19 by the population of Mato Grosso, indicating the need for strategies to inform the population about the risks of off-label use of drugs and to combat the advertising of drugs that are ineffective against COVID-19.

Trend of incompleteness of maternal schooling and race/skin color variables held on the Brazilian Live Birth Information System, 2012-2020.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the trend of incompleteness of the maternal schooling and race/skin color variables held on the Brazilian Live Birth Information System (SINASC) between 2012 and 2020. METHODS: this was an ecological time series study of the incompleteness of maternal schooling and race/skin color data for Brazil, its regions and Federative Units, by means of joinpoint regression and calculation of annual percentage change (APC) and average annual percentage change. RESULTS: a total of 26,112,301 births were registered in Brazil in the period; incompleteness of maternal schooling data decreased for Brazil (APC = -8.1%) and the Southeast (APC = -19.5%) and Midwest (APC = -17.6%) regions; as for race/skin color, there was a downward trend for Brazil (APC = -8.2%) and all regions, except the Northeast region, while nine Federative Units and the Federal District showed a stationary trend. CONCLUSION: there was an improvement in filling out these variables on the SINASC, but with regional disparities, mainly for race/skin color.

Trend of incompleteness of the schooling and race/skin color maternal variables in the information system on live births in Brazil, 2012-2020 / Tendencia de incompletitud de las variables escolaridad incompleta y raza/color de piel materno en el sistema de información sobre nacidos vivos en Brasil, 2012-2020 / Tendência da incompletude das variáveis Escolaridade e Raça/cor da pele da mãe no Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos do Brasil, 2012-2020

Objective: to analyze the trend of incompleteness of the variables of maternal education and skin color in the Live Birth Information System (Sinasc), in Brazil, between 2012 and 2020. Methods: ecological time series study of the incompleteness of maternal education and skin color for Brazil, regions and federation units, through joinpoint regression and calculation of annual percentage change (APC) and average annual percentage change. Results: a total of 26,112,301 births were registered in Brazil in the period. Brazil (APC = -8.1%) and the Southeast (APC = -19.5%) and Midwest regions (APC = -17.6%) decreased the incompleteness of maternal education; as for race/skin color, there was a downward trend for Brazil (APC = -8.2%) and all regions, except Northeast, and nine FUs and Federal District showed stationary trend. Conclusion: there was an improvement in filling out these variables in Sinasc, but with regional disparities, mainly for skin color.

Objetivo: analizar la tendencia de incompletitud de educación y raza/color de piel materna en el Sistema de Información de Nacidos Vivo (Sinasc), Brasil, entre 2012-2020. Métodos: estudio ecológico de serie temporal sobre la incompletitud de la educación y raza/color de piel materna para Brasil, regiones y unidades de la federación, a través de regresión de joinpoint y cálculo de cambio porcentual anual (APC) y cambio porcentual anual promedio. Resultados: se registraron 26.112.301 nacimientos en Brasil en el período. Brasil (APC = -8,1%) y regiones Sudeste (APC = -19,5%) y Centro-Oeste (APC = -17,6%) disminuirán la incompletud de la educación materna. En cuanto a raza/color de piel, hubo un descenso para Brasil (APC = -8,2%) y todas las regiones, excepto Nordeste, y nueve UF y Distrito Federal presentaron tendencia estacionaria. Conclusión:e llenado das variables en el Sinasc ha mejorado, pero con disparidades regionales, principalmente por raza/color de piel.

Objetivo: analisar a tendência da incompletude das variáveis Escolaridade e Raça/cor da pele da mãe no Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos (Sinasc), Brasil, entre 2012 e 2020. Métodos: estudo ecológico de série temporal sobre a incompletude da Escolaridade e da Raça/cor da pele da mãe para o Brasil, suas macrorregiões e Unidades da Federação, pela regressão por joinpoint, e cálculo da variação percentual anual (VPA) e da variação percentual anual média. Resultados: foram registrados 26.112.301 nascimentos no Brasil, no período; no país (VPA = -8,1%) e em suas regiões Sudeste (VPA = -19,5%) e Centro-Oeste (VPA = -17,6%), houve redução da incompletude da escolaridade materna; quanto à raça/cor da pele da mãe, observou-se queda para o Brasil (VPA = -8,2%) e todas suas regiões, exceto a Nordeste, e nove UFs e o Distrito Federal com tendência estável. Conclusão: o preenchimento das variáveis no Sinasc melhorou, porém com disparidades regionais, principalmente quanto à raça/cor da pele.

Effect of the dietary inflammatory potential on the trajectory of body adiposity in a Brazilian cohort of university students.

OBJECTIVES: University students are vulnerable to unhealthy eating habits that characterize a proinflammatory diet. This study aimed to estimate the dietary inflammatory index (DII) and its association with the trajectory of body adiposity markers in university students. METHODS: The study analyzed data from 685 students entering a Brazilian public university in 2016 and 2017 and followed until 2018. DII was estimated from 39 dietary parameters obtained by 24-h dietary recall. Body adiposity was assessed by anthropometric markers and the percentage of body fat. Linear mixed-effects models were used to estimate the trajectory of adiposity markers according to DII tertiles. RESULTS: After adjustment for confounding variables, at baseline, DII showed a positive association with increased percentage of body fat among men (ß = 0.52; 95% CI: 0.01; 1.03) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR; ß = 0.15; 95% CI: 0.12; 0.18) and among women with all body adiposity markers: BMI (ß = 0.68; 95% CI: 0.30; 1.05), percentage of body fat (ß = 1.43; 95% CI: 0.74; 2.11), WC (ß = 1.15; 95% CI: 0.41; 1.89) and WHtR (ß = 0.13; 95% CI:0,10; 0.16). The rate of change of the outcome variables over time was not associated with DII at baseline. CONCLUSIONS: The diet of university students in this Brazilian cohort study was characterized as proinflammatory and it was associated with body adiposity markers.

Óbitos por condições de saúde posteriores à COVID-19 no Brasil / Deaths from post-COVID conditions in Brazil

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar a magnitude e o perfil dos óbitos por condições posteriores à COVID-19 no Brasil. Estudo descritivo com base nos dados preliminares de registro de óbitos do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade ocorridos em 2021. Foram considerados os registros com código CID B94.8 como causa básica e com código U09 em alguma linha da parte I ou II da declaração de óbito. Foi avaliada a distribuição dos óbitos por região geográfica, semestre de ocorrência, sexo, faixa etária, raça/cor, escolaridade e local de ocorrência. Foram registrados 2.948 óbitos por condições posteriores à COVID-19, variando de 0,5 óbito por 1.000 registros na região Nordeste a 3,6/1.000 na região Centro-Oeste. Mais da metade ocorreu entre o sexo masculino (58,0%), aqueles com 60 anos ou mais de idade (66,9%) e de cor da pele branca (51,8%). Os óbitos por condições posteriores à COVID-19 apresentaram características sociodemográficas distintas entre as regiões.

Abstract This paper aims to assess the magnitude and profile of deaths from post-COVID conditions in Brazil. Descriptive study based on preliminary data from the 2021 Mortality Information System. Records with ICD code B94.8 as the Basic Cause and with code U09 in some lines of part I or II of the declaration were considered for analysis. The distribution of deaths by geographic region, semester of occurrence, sex, age group, ethnicity/skin color, schooling, and place of occurrence was evaluated. We identified 2,948 deaths from conditions subsequent to COVID-19 were recorded, ranging from 0.5 deaths per 1,000 records in the Northeast Region to 3.6/1,000 in the Midwest Region. More than half occurred among males (58.0%), those aged 60 years or older (66.9%), and whites (51.8%). Conclusion: Deaths from post-COVID conditions had distinct sociodemographic characteristics between regions.

Multimorbidity of chronic noncommunicable diseases: Data from the Brazilian National Health Survey

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of simultaneity of obesity, hypertension and/or diabetes and the association with sociodemographic and lifestyle-related behavior variables. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with data from the 2013 National Health Survey. The presence of two/three diseases (obesity, hypertension, and diabetes) was considered multimorbidity of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). Proportional odds logistic regression model, stratified by sex, was used to assess the sociodemographic and lifestyle factors associated with multimorbidity of NCDs, considering the sample complexity and sample weights. Results: The prevalence of multimorbidity of NCDs was 9.6%. The odds of multimorbidity are higher with increasing age, among blacks, but lower in the north region when compared with other regions of the country for both sexes. The odds of multimorbidity of NDCs increased among women who had lower levels of education and spent more time TV watching, and among men who lived with a partner and did not practice the recommended leisure-time physical activity. Conclusion: Sociodemographic factors and lifestyle-related behaviors were associated with the presence of obesity, hypertension, and/or diabetes.

Objetivo: Estimar la prevalencia de simultaneidad de obesidad, hipertensión y/o diabetes y la asociación con variables sociodemográficas y relacionadas con el estilo de vida. Métodos: Los datos fueron obtenido en la Encuesta Nacional de Salud Brasileña, una encuesta a nivel nacional, realizada en los hogares brasileños y llevada a cabo en 2013. La presencia de dos /tres enfermedades (obesidad, hipertensión y diabetes) se consideró multimorbilidad de las enfermedades no transmisibles (ENT). El modelo de regresión logística de probabilidades proporcionales, estratificado por sexo, se utilizó para evaluar los factores sociodemográficos y de estilo de vida asociados con la multimorbilidad de las ENT, considerando la complejidad de la muestra y los pesos de la muestra. Resultados: La prevalencia de multimorbilidad de las ENT fue del 9,6%. Las probabilidades de multimorbilidad son más altas con el aumento de la edad, entre los negros, pero más bajas en la región norte en comparación con otras regiones del país para los dos sexos. Las probabilidades de multimorbilidad de las ENT aumentaron entre las mujeres que tenían niveles más bajos de educación y pasaban más tiempo viendo la televisión, y entre los hombres que vivían con una pareja y no practicaban la actividad física recomendada para el tiempo libre. Conclusión: Los factores sociodemográficos y los comportamientos relacionados con el estilo de vida se asociaron con la presencia de obesidad, hipertensión y/o diabetes.

Skipping breakfast is associated with being overweight among Brazilian adolescents

Objective: To evaluate the association between skipping breakfast and overweight among Brazilian adolescents. Methods: A total of 16,556 Brazilian students (aged 11-19 years) who participated in the National School Health Survey in 2015 were evaluated. The omission of breakfast (consumption frequency <5 days/week) was determined using the question, "Do you usually have breakfast"? The participants' weight and height were measured, and excess weight was classified according to the body mass index for sex and age. The covariates analyzed were sociodemographic and economic characteristics (sex, age group, socioeconomic status, skin color, maternal schooling, paid work, and living with parents); variables related to school (administrative dependence, study shift, and presence of a canteen); lifestyle (physical activity, alcohol consumption, smoking, sedentary behavior, consumption of industrialized foods, meals with parents, and school meals); and self-perception of body image. The association between skipping breakfast and being overweight was analyzed using a Poisson regression model with adjustment for covariates. Results: The prevalence of skipping breakfast and being overweight were 33.8% and 25.2%, respectively. After adjustment, skipping breakfast was associated with being overweight (OR:1.02; 95% CI:1.01; 1.04). Conclusion: Skipping breakfast is associated with being overweight among Brazilian adolescents. Thus, encouraging regular consumption of meals should be part of health promotion and healthy eating actions aimed at preventing diseases and chronic noncommunicable diseases.

Objetivo: Evaluar la asociación entre la omisión del desayuno y el sobrepeso entre adolescentes brasileños. Métodos: Fueron evaluados 16.556 estudiantes brasileños (de 11 a 19 años) que participaron en la Encuesta Nacional de Salud Escolar en 2015. La omisión del desayuno (frecuencia de consumo < 5 días/semana) se determinó mediante la pregunta "¿Desayuna habitualmente"? Se midió el peso y la talla de los participantes, y se clasificó el exceso de peso según el índice de masa corporal para el sexo y la edad. Las covariables analizadas fueron características sociodemográficas y económicas (sexo, grupo de edad, nivel socioeconómico, color de piel, escolaridad materna, trabajo remunerado y convivencia con los padres); variables relacionadas con la escuela (dependencia administrativa, turno de estudio y presencia de comedor); estilo de vida (actividad física, consumo de alcohol, tabaquismo, sedentarismo, consumo de alimentos procesados, comidas con los padres y alimentación escolar); y autopercepción de la imagen corporal. La asociación entre saltarse el desayuno y tener sobrepeso se analizó mediante un modelo de regresión de Poisson con ajuste por covariables. Resultados: La prevalencia de saltarse el desayuno y tener sobrepeso fue de 33,8% y 25,2%, respectivamente. Después del ajuste, saltarse el desayuno se asoció con sobrepeso (OR: 1,02; IC 95 %: 1,01; 1,04). Conclusión: Saltarse el desayuno está asociado con el sobrepeso entre los adolescentes brasileños. Por lo tanto, fomentar el consumo regular de comidas debe ser parte de las acciones de promoción de la salud y alimentación saludable dirigidas a la prevención de enfermedades y enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles.

Association of household composition with dietary patterns among adolescents in Brazil.

The present study identified dietary patterns (DP) and analyse their association with household composition. This is a cross-sectional school-based study, with a nationally representative sample of Brazilian adolescent students, aged 11-19 years, with data from National School Health Survey (n 102 072). Food consumption was obtained through the weekly frequency of consumption of food markers, and the confirmatory factor analysis was applied to examine the latent variables 'Healthy' (beans, legumes/vegetables and fresh fruit/fruit salad) and 'Unhealthy' (ultra-processed foods, sweets, soft drinks and snacks) DP. The association between household composition and DP was estimated considering lives with both parents as reference category. Among adolescents aged 11-14 years, adherence to healthy DP was lower for boys who lived only with mother (ß = -2·1), and boys (ß = -4·9) and girls (ß = -4·5) who lived without any parents. Adherence to unhealthy DP was higher among boys (ß = 7·6) and girls (ß = 6·0) who lived only with mother, and boys (ß = 4·6) and girls (ß = 5·3) who lived only with father. For older adolescents (aged 15-19 years), adherence to the unhealthy DP was higher among boys who lived only with mother (ß = 3·9) or only with father (ß = 5·3) and girls who lived only with mother (ß = 6·3). Adherence to healthy DP was lower among girls who lived only with father (ß = -9·0). Thus, adolescents who lived in single-parent households had lower adherence to healthy DP and greater adherence to unhealthy DP. Among younger adolescents of both sexes, living without any parent contributed to lower adherence to healthy DP.

Deaths from post-COVID conditions in Brazil. / Óbitos por condições de saúde posteriores à COVID-19 no Brasil.

This paper aims to assess the magnitude and profile of deaths from post-COVID conditions in Brazil. Descriptive study based on preliminary data from the 2021 Mortality Information System. Records with ICD code B94.8 as the Basic Cause and with code U09 in some lines of part I or II of the declaration were considered for analysis. The distribution of deaths by geographic region, semester of occurrence, sex, age group, ethnicity/skin color, schooling, and place of occurrence was evaluated. We identified 2,948 deaths from conditions subsequent to COVID-19 were recorded, ranging from 0.5 deaths per 1,000 records in the Northeast Region to 3.6/1,000 in the Midwest Region. More than half occurred among males (58.0%), those aged 60 years or older (66.9%), and whites (51.8%). Conclusion: Deaths from post-COVID conditions had distinct sociodemographic characteristics between regions.

O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar a magnitude e o perfil dos óbitos por condições posteriores à COVID-19 no Brasil. Estudo descritivo com base nos dados preliminares de registro de óbitos do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade ocorridos em 2021. Foram considerados os registros com código CID B94.8 como causa básica e com código U09 em alguma linha da parte I ou II da declaração de óbito. Foi avaliada a distribuição dos óbitos por região geográfica, semestre de ocorrência, sexo, faixa etária, raça/cor, escolaridade e local de ocorrência. Foram registrados 2.948 óbitos por condições posteriores à COVID-19, variando de 0,5 óbito por 1.000 registros na região Nordeste a 3,6/1.000 na região Centro-Oeste. Mais da metade ocorreu entre o sexo masculino (58,0%), aqueles com 60 anos ou mais de idade (66,9%) e de cor da pele branca (51,8%). Os óbitos por condições posteriores à COVID-19 apresentaram características sociodemográficas distintas entre as regiões.

Tendência da incompletude das variáveis escolaridade e raça/cor da pele da mãe no Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos do Brasil, 2012-2020 / Tendencia de incompletitud de las variables escolaridad y raza/color de piel materno en el sistema de información sobre nacidos vivos en Brasil, 2012-2020 / Trend of incompleteness of maternal schooling and race/skin color variables held on the Brazilian Live Birth Information System, 2012-2020

Objective: to analyze the trend of incompleteness of the maternal schooling and race/skin color variables held on the Brazilian Live Birth Information System (SINASC) between 2012 and 2020. Methods: this was an ecological time series study of the incompleteness of maternal schooling and race/skin color data for Brazil, its regions and Federative Units, by means of joinpoint regression and calculation of annual percentage change (APC) and average annual percentage change. Results: a total of 26,112,301 births were registered in Brazil in the period; incompleteness of maternal schooling data decreased for Brazil (APC = -8.1%) and the Southeast (APC = -19.5%) and Midwest (APC = -17.6%) regions; as for race/skin color, there was a downward trend for Brazil (APC = -8.2%) and all regions, except the Northeast region, while nine Federative Units and the Federal District showed a stationary trend. Conclusion: there was an improvement in filling out these variables on the SINASC, but with regional disparities, mainly for race/skin color.

Objetivo: analizar la tendencia de incompletitud de educación y raza/color de piel materna en el Sistema de Información de Nacidos Vivo (Sinasc), Brasil, entre 2012-2020. Métodos: estudio ecológico de serie temporal sobre la incompletitud de la educación y raza/color de piel materna para Brasil, regiones y Unidades de la Federación (UF), a través de regresión de joinpoint y cálculo de cambio porcentual anual (APC) y cambio porcentual anual promedio Resultados: se registraron 26.112.301 nacimientos en Brasil en el período. Brasil (APC = -8,1%) y regiones Sudeste (APC = -19,5%) y Centro-Oeste (APC = -17,6%) disminuirán la incompletud de la educación materna. En cuanto a raza/color de piel, hubo un descenso para Brasil (APC = -8,2%) y todas las regiones, excepto Nordeste, y nueve UF y Distrito Federal presentaron tendencia estacionaria. Conclusión: e llenado das variables en el Sinasc ha mejorado, pero con disparidades regionales, principalmente por raza/color de piel.

Objetivo: analisar a tendência da incompletude das variáveis escolaridade e raça/cor da pele da mãe no Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos (Sinasc), Brasil, entre 2012 e 2020. Métodos: estudo ecológico de série temporal sobre a incompletude da escolaridade e da raça/cor da pele da mãe para o Brasil, suas macrorregiões e Unidades da Federação, pela regressão por joinpoint, e cálculo da variação percentual anual (VPA) e da variação percentual anual média. Resultados: foram registrados 26.112.301 nascimentos no Brasil, no período; no país (VPA = -8,1%) e em suas regiões Sudeste (VPA = -19,5%) e Centro-Oeste (VPA = -17,6%), houve redução da incompletude da escolaridade materna; quanto à raça/cor da pele da mãe, observou-se queda para o Brasil (VPA = -8,2%) e todas as suas regiões, exceto o Nordeste, e nove UFs e o Distrito Federal com tendência estável. Conclusão: o preenchimento das variáveis no Sinasc melhorou, porém com disparidades regionais, principalmente quanto à raça/cor da pele.

Omissão do café da manhã entre adolescentes brasileiros: resultados da PeNSE 2012 e 2015 / Skipping breakfast among Brazilian adolescents: results from PeNSE 2012 and 2015

Resumo Introdução: São restritos os estudos que apresentam estimativas com representatividade nacional sobre omissão do café da manhã entre adolescentes brasileiros. Objetivo: Estimar a prevalência da omissão do café da manhã entre estudantes adolescentes brasileiros, segundo características sociodemográficas, nos anos de 2012 e 2015. Método: Análise realizada com os dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar, com escolares do 9º, ano nos anos de 2012 e 2015. Foi estimada a prevalência de omissão do café da manhã (consumo por menos de cinco dias por semana), segundo sexo, faixa etária, dependência administrativa da escola e região do país, considerando o desenho complexo da amostra. Resultados: A prevalência de omissão do café da manhã verificada foi de 38,1% em 2012 e 35,6% em 2015, sendo mais elevada entre meninas e estudantes de escolas privadas. A omissão dessa refeição foi mais elevada entre os escolares das regiões Sul, Sudeste e Centro-Oeste. As capitais brasileiras pertencentes às regiões Sul e Centro-Oeste apresentaram as maiores prevalências de omissão do café da manhã. Conclusões: Não houve alteração significativa da prevalência de omissão de café da manhã entre os dois inquéritos realizados, sendo maior a sua omissão entre as meninas, estudantes de escolas públicas e de regiões mais desenvolvidas.

Abstract Background: There is limited research presenting nationally representative estimates regarding breakfast omission among Brazilian adolescents. Objective: The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of breakfast omission among Brazilian adolescent students, considering sociodemographic characteristics, in the years 2012 and 2015. Method: An analysis was conducted using data from the National School Health Survey, including 9th grade students in the years 2012 and 2015. The prevalence of breakfast omission (defined as consumption on fewer than 5 days per week) was estimated based on gender, age group, school administrative dependence, and region of the country, considering the complex sample design. Results: The prevalence of breakfast omission observed was 38.1% in 2012 and 35.6% in 2015, with higher rates among girls and students from private schools. Omission of this meal was more common among students in the South, Southeast, and Central West regions. Brazilian capitals located in the South and Central West regions exhibited the highest prevalence of breakfast omission. Conclusions: There was no significant change in the prevalence of breakfast omission between the two surveys, and its omission was higher among girls, students from public schools, and in more developed regions.

Excess of deaths during COVID-19 pandemic in Mato Grosso, Brazil / Excesso de mortes durante a pandemia de COVID-19 em Mato Grosso, Brasil

Abstract This article aims to estimate the excess of deaths in the years 2020 and 2021 in Mato Grosso state, in the state capital and in the countryside, according to gender and age group. Data was extracted from DATASUS/Ministry of Health website for the period from 2015 to 2020 and from the website of the State Department of Health - Data Warehouse System (DW) for 2021. Non-fetal deaths by natural causes of residents in Mato Grosso were analyzed and the analyses were broken down into countryside and state capital (Cuiabá). The variables selected were age group, gender, month of occurrence, and underlying cause of death. Excess mortality was calculated using generalized additive quasi-Poisson model adjustments with correction for overdispersion. A 30% excess of deaths was identified in 2020, with the state capital recording the highest estimate, in older age groups, and between the months of July and September. In 2021, the expected number of deaths was 57% higher, with the double in the younger age groups in the countryside. The study showed different demographic profiles of excess deaths in the years 2020 and 2021 during COVID-19 pandemic and distinct patterns between countryside and state capital, suggesting inequalities that may have caused impact on different risks.

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é estimar o excesso de óbitos nos anos de 2020 e 2021 no estado de Mato Grosso, na capital do estado e no interior, segundo sexo e faixa etária. Os dados foram extraídos do site do DATASUS/Ministério da Saúde para o período de 2015 a 2020 e do site da Secretaria de Estado da Saúde - Sistema Data Warehouse (DW) para 2021. Óbitos não fetais por causas naturais de residentes no Mato Grosso foram analisados ​​e as análises foram divididas em interior e capital do estado (Cuiabá). As variáveis ​​selecionadas foram: faixa etária, sexo, mês de ocorrência e causa básica do óbito. O excesso de mortalidade foi calculado usando ajustes generalizados do modelo aditivo quase-Poisson com correção para superdispersão. Identificou-se um excesso de 30% de óbitos em 2020, com a capital do estado registrando a maior estimativa, nas faixas etárias mais avançadas, e entre os meses de julho e setembro. Em 2021, o número esperado de óbitos foi de 57% superior, sendo o dobro nas faixas etárias mais jovens do interior do estado. O estudo mostrou diferentes perfis demográficos de excesso de óbitos nos anos de 2020 e 2021 durante a pandemia de COVID-19 e padrões distintos entre interior e capital do estado, sugerindo desigualdades que podem ter impactado em diferentes riscos.

Prevalência de experiências traumáticas na infância entre usuários na atenção primária no centro-oeste do Brasil / Prevalence of traumatic childhood experiences in users of primary care in the midwest region of Brazil / Prevalencia de experiencias infantiles traumáticas entre usuarios en la atención primaria en centro-oeste de Brasil

Objetivo: analisar as experiências traumáticas na infância e sua associação com características sociodemográficas, da infância e da família de usuários da Atenção Primária de Saúde. Método: Estudo transversal com adultos atendidos nas unidades básicas de saúde de Cuiabá, MT. Utilizou-se um questionário autoaplicável e as experiências traumáticas foram avaliadas por meio do Questionário sobre Traumas na Infância (QUESI). Os testes Qui-quadrado e Exato de Fisher avaliaram a associação entre as variáveis. Resultados: Dos 463 entrevistados, 78,8% vivenciaram pelo menos um tipo de trauma na infância. Os abusos (físico, sexual e emocional) e negligência emocional estiveram associados a grande parte dos fatores relacionados à família e à infância. Conclusão: Evidenciou-se elevadas prevalências de abusos e negligências, mostrando-se associados a grande parte dos fatores relacionados à família e à infância em usuários da atenção primária da capital matogrossense e pouca distinção segundo características sociodemográficas (AU).

Objective: to analyze traumatic experiences in childhood and their association with sociodemographic, childhood and family characteristics of users of Primary Health Care. Method: Cross-sectional study with adults assisted at basic health units in Cuiabá, MT. A self-administered questionnaire was used, and traumatic experiences were assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (QUESI). Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests assessed the association between variables. Results: Of the 463 respondents, 78.8% experienced at least one type of trauma in childhood. Abuse (physical, sexual and emotional) and emotional neglect were associated with most factors related to family and childhood. Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of abuse and neglect, being associated with most of the factors related to family and childhood in users of primary care in the capital of Mato Grosso and little distinction according to sociodemographic characteristics (AU).

Objetivo: analizar las experiencias traumáticas en la infancia y su asociación con las características sociodemográficas, infantiles y familiares de los usuarios de la Atención Primaria de Salud. Método: Estudio transversal con adultos en la unidades basicas de salud de Cuiabá, MT. Se utilizó un cuestionario autoadministrado y las experiencias traumáticas se evaluaron mediante el Cuestionario de Trauma Infantil. Las pruebas de chi-cuadrado y exacta de Fisher evaluaron la asociación entre variables. Resultados: De los 463 encuestados, el 78,8% experimentó al menos un tipo de trauma en la infancia. El maltrato (físico, sexual y emocional) y el abandono emocional se asociaron con la mayoría de los factores relacionados con la familia y la infancia. Conclusión: Hubo una alta prevalencia de maltrato y abandono, siendo asociado a factores relacionados con la familia y la infancia en los usuarios de la atención primaria de Cuiabá y poca distinción según las características sociodemográficas (AU).

Consumption of free sugars and dietary sources in the diet of university students according to socioeconomic and lifestyle factors / Consumo de açúcar livre e fontes dietéticas na dieta de estudantes universitários segundo fatores socioeconômicos e de estilo de vida

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the consumption of free sugars and associated factors in the diet of university students entering full-time courses at a public university in Mato Grosso. Methods Cross-sectional study with students aged 16 to 26 years in the first semester of 2016, 2017, and 2018. Average sugar consumption was estimated using a 24-hour diet recall, evaluating the percentage of free sugars in total energy intake and the prevalence of consumption greater than 10.0% of total energy intake, according to socioeconomic and lifestyle variables, stratified by sex, and the foods that most contributed to its consumption. Results A total of 1,063 students were evaluated, the percentage of free sugars in the students' diet was on average 14.3% among men and 15.4% among women, with the prevalence of consumption above 10.0% also being higher among women (72.6 vs. 66.6%). There was a direct relationship between the participation of free sugars in the highest tertiles of energy intake, and the main food groups sources of sugar were desserts, juices, soft drinks, and coffee. There was a significant association between courses outside the health sciences, tobacco use, and unsatisfactory meal consumption profile with higher consumption of free sugars among women. Among men, sugar consumption was higher among those who were not overweight compared to those who were overweight. Conclusion The consumption of free sugars is high among university students, being associated with higher energy consumption, especially for sweetened beverages.

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar o consumo de açúcar livre e os fatores associados na alimentação de universitários ingressantes em cursos de período integral em uma universidade pública de Mato Grosso. Métodos Estudo transversal com estudantes de 16 a 26 anos de idade no primeiro semestre de 2016, 2017 e 2018 (n=1.063). O consumo médio de açúcar foi estimado por meio de recordatório de 24 horas, sendo avaliada a participação do açúcar livre na ingestão energética total e a prevalência de participação do consumo superior a 10,0% da ingestão energética, segundo variáveis socioeconômicas, de estilo de vida e fatores dietéticos, , estratificadas por sexo. Resultados A participação do açúcar livre na dieta foi, em média, de 14,3% entre os homens e 15,4% entre as mulheres, sendo a prevalência de consumo acima de 10,0% também maior entre as mulheres (72,6 vs. 66,6%). Foi maior a participação do açúcar livre nos tercis mais elevados de ingestão energética, sendo verificado que os principais grupos de alimentos fontes foram sobremesas, sucos, refrigerantes e café. Entre as mulheres, verificou-se maior consumo de açúcar livre entre aquelas que faziam uso de tabaco e que apresentavam perfil de consumo de refeições insatisfatório. Por outro lado, menor consumo de açúcar livre foi observado entre as estudantes da área da saúde. Entre os homens, o consumo de açúcar livre foi maior entre aqueles sem excesso de peso, comparados aos com excesso. Conclusão O consumo de açúcar livre foi elevado entre estudantes universitários, sendo maior entre os estudantes com maior consumo energético. Verificou-se que as bebidas adoçadas estiveram entre as principais fontes.